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EMC Filter Design

2021-11-01

Latest company news about EMC Filter Design

What is an EMC filterEMC filter, also known as "electromagnetic compatibility filter". EMC filters reduce the transfer of electromagnetic noise between the drive and the main power supply. It is suitable for suppressing power grid noise and high harmonics and noise and high-frequency harmonics generated by switching power supplies. High performance and price ratio and the ability to connect quickly. Higher insertion loss, low leakage current.

 

EMC Filter Design:


The EMC filter design is critical to electromagnetic compatibility, EMC performance. The EMC filter must be capable of providing the required level of attenuation of the unwanted signals while allowing through the wanted signals. In addition to this, the EMC filter design must match both the source and load impedances.

 

Typically for a high impedance circuit, a capacitor connected between the line and ground provides better results, while for low impedance circuits a series inductor placed within the line provides the best results. Often a single component like this is designed to have a resistance with little effect at frequencies appropriate to the wanted signal, but a much higher effect on the higher frequencies of the unwanted signal can provide levels of attenuation of up to 30 dB or 40 dB in some cases. To improve the performance of one of these basic filters, further components can be added to make multi-component EMC filters. However, to give the required performance they must be configured correctly. One precaution is to ensure that inductors face a low impedance sink or source and capacitors face a high impedance.

 

emc filter design

EMC Filter Purpose:


When developing filters for use in electromagnetic compatibility, EMC applications, the EMC filters are nearly always low pass filters, although on occasions bandpass filters may be used. The reason for using low pass filters is that typically interfering signals, i.e. ones that are easier to pick up or radiate tend to be at higher frequencies. These can be filtered by allowing the low frequencies through and rejecting the high frequencies.

 

The cutoff point for the low pass filter used as the EMC filter has to be chosen so that it rejects the unwanted frequencies, but does not have any undue effect on the wanted signal. Unfortunately, this choice is not always easy and it may require some degradation of the wanted signal.

 

The EMC filter, placing is of importance. EMC filtering can be placed at any or every level of assembly between segregated areas of circuitry. EMC filters may be placed between segregated areas of a printed circuit board. They may be placed between different boards within a module or subassembly, and an EMC filter may be placed between different modules or subassemblies. However, a particularly important place for EMC filters is between the equipment and its external environment. An EMC filter placed here is particularly effective as it will prevent unwanted signals from even entering the equipment. Once they enter they are more difficult to contain.

 

EMC Filter Methodology:


Although circuits may be well screened to prevent any signal radiated or being picked up by the circuit itself, there are always interconnections and from the electronic circuit. These wires themselves can conduct unwanted signals into and out of the unit. If the unit is to be able to meet its electromagnetic compatibility, EMC requirements and pass its EMC testing, it is necessary to reduce the levels of unwanted signals that can enter or leave the unit via its interconnections.

 

In order to enable the unwanted signals to be removed, EMC filters need to be placed in the various lines. The idea is that the interfering signals generally have a frequency above that of the signals normally traveling along the wire or line. By having what is termed a low pass filter as the EMC filter, only the low-frequency signals are allowed to pass, and the high-frequency interference signals are removed.

 

These EMC filters can be in one a variety of formats. Often they may be as simple as a resistor or a ferrite placed around a wire or cable. For more exacting requirements, these EMC filters may need to be made up of a number of components.

 

The EMC filters may be categorized into two main types. One is where the unwanted energy is absorbed by the EMC filter. The other type of filter rejects the unwanted signal and in this case, it is reflected back along the line. For EMC filtering applications, the absorptive type is preferred.

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